Fuels and Chemicals - Autoignition Temperatures
The Autoignition Temperature - or
"the minimum temperature required to ignite a gas or vapor in air without a spark or flame being present"
are indicated for common fuels and chemicals below:
| Product | Autoignition Temperature (oC) |
|---|---|
| Acetaldehyde | 175 |
| Acetic acid | 427 |
| Acetone, propanone | 465 |
| Acentonitrile | 220 |
| Acetylene | 305 |
| Acrolein | 220 |
| Acronitrile | 481 |
| Allylamine | 374 |
| Aniline | 615 |
| Anthracite - glow point | 600 |
| Benzaldehyde | 192 |
| Benzene | 498 |
| Bituminous coal - glow point | 454 |
| Butadiene | 420 |
| Butanal | 218 |
| Butane | 405 |
| 1-Butanol | 343 |
| Butyl acetate | 421 |
| Butyl alcohol | 345 |
| Butyl methyl ketone | 423 |
| Carbon | 700 |
| Carbon disulfide, CS2 | 90 |
| Carbon monoxide | 609 |
| Charcoal | 349 |
| Coal-tar oil | 580 |
| Coke | 700 |
| Cyclohexane | 245 |
| Cyclohexanol | 300 |
| Cyclohexanone | 420 |
| Cyclopropane | 498 |
| Dichloromethane | 600 |
| Diethylamine | 312 |
| Diethyl ether | 180 |
| Diethanolamine | 662 |
| Diethylamine | 662 |
| Diesel, Jet A-1 | 210 |
| Diisobutyl ketone | 396 |
| Diisopropyl ether | 443 |
| Dimethyl sulfate | 188 |
| Dimethyl sulfide | 206 |
| Dimethyl sulphoxide | 215 |
| Dodecane, dihexyl | 203 |
| Epichlorohydrin | 416 |
| Ethane | 515 |
| Ethylene, ethene | 450 |
| Ethylamine | 385 |
| Ethyl acetate | 410 |
| Ethyl Alcohol (Ethanol) | 363 |
| Ethylene oxide | 570 |
| Formaldehyde | 424 |
| Fuel Oil No.1 | 210 |
| Fuel Oil No.2 | 256 |
| Fuel Oil No.4 | 262 |
| Furfural | 316 |
| Furfural alcohol | 491 |
| Heavy hydrocarbons | 750 |
| Heptane | 204 |
| Hexane | 223 |
| Hexadecane, cetane | 202 |
| Hydrogen | 500 |
| Gas oil | 336 |
| Gasoline, Petrol | 246 - 280 |
| Glycerol | 370 |
| Gun Cotton | 221 |
| Kerosene (paraffin) | 210 |
| Isobutane | 462 |
| Isobutene | 465 |
| Isobutyl alcohol | 426 |
| Isooctane | 447 |
| Isopentane | 420 |
| Isoprene | 395 |
| Isopropyl alcohol | 399 |
| Isophorone | 460 |
| Isohexane | 264 |
| Isononane | 227 |
| Isopropyl Alcohol | 399 |
| Light gas | 600 |
| Light hydrocarbons | 650 |
| Lignite - glow point | 526 |
| Magnesium | 473 |
| Methane (Natural Gas) | 580 |
| Methanol (Methyl Alcohol) | 464 |
| Methylamine | 430 |
| Methyl acetate | 455 |
| Methyl ethyl ketone | 516 |
| Naphtha | 230 |
| Neoheaxane | 425 |
| Neopentane | 450 |
| Nitrobenzene | 480 |
| Nitro-glycerine | 254 |
| n-Butane | 405 |
| n-Heptane | 215 |
| n-Hexane | 225 |
| n-Octane | 220 |
| n-Pentane | 260 |
| n-Pentene | 298 |
| Oak Wood - dry | 482 |
| Paper | 218 - 246 |
| Paraldehyde | 238 |
| Peat | 227 |
| Petroleum | 400 |
| Petroleum ether | 288 |
| Pine Wood - dry | 427 |
| Phosphorus, amorphous | 260 |
| Phosphorus, transparent | 49 |
| Phosphorus, white | 34 |
| Production gas | 750 |
| Propanal | 207 |
| Propane | 455 |
| Propyl acetate | 450 |
| Propylamine | 318 |
| Propylene (Propene) | 458 |
| Pyridine | 482 |
| p-Xylene | 530 |
| Rifle (Gun) Powder | 288 |
| Tetrahydrofuran | 321 |
| Triethylamine | 249 |
| Triethylborane | -20 |
| Toluene | 480 |
| Semi anthracite coal | 400 |
| Semi bituminous coal - glow point | 527 |
| Silane | < 21 |
| Styrene | 490 |
| Sulphur | 243 |
| Tetrahydrofuran | 321 |
| Toluene | 530 |
| Trichloroethylene | 420 |
| Wood | 300 |
| o-Xylene | 463 |
| m-Xylene | 527 |
| p-Xylene | 528 |
The flammable (explosive) range is the range of a gas or vapor concentration that will burn or explode if an ignition source is introduced. Limiting concentrations are commonly called the lower explosive or flammable limit (LEL/LFL) and the upper explosive or flammable limit (UEL/UFL).
Below the explosive or flammable limit the mixture is too lean to burn. Above the upper explosive or flammable limit the mixture is too rich to burn. The Auto-Ignition Temperature is not the same as Flash Point - The Flash Point indicates how easy a chemical may burn.
Related Topics
• Combustion
Boiler house topics, fuels like oil, gas, coal, wood - chimneys, safety valves, tanks - combustion efficiency.
• HVAC Systems
Heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems - design and dimensions.
Related Documents
Alternative Fuels - Properties
Properties of alternative fuels like biodiesel, E85, CNG and more.
ASTM Standard - Volume 05.06 Gaseous Fuels, Coal and Coke
An overview of ASTM Section 5 - Petroleum Products, Lubricants, and Fossil Fuels - Volume 05.06 Gaseous Fuels, Coal and Coke.
Biogas - Carbon Nitrogen Ratios
Carbon - Nitrogen ratios for biogas produced from various raw materials.
Biogas - Potential from Animal Manure
Potential biogas production from animal manure.
Butane - Thermophysical Properties
Chemical, physical and thermal properties of n-Butane.
Chemicals - Formulas and Trading Names
Formulas and trading names for some common chemicals.
Classification of Gases
Oxidizers vs. inert vs. flammable gases.
Coal - Classification
Classification of coal based on volatile matter and cooking power of clean material.
Combustion Appliances - Exhaust Temperatures
Exhaust and outlet temperatures fuels like natural gas, liquefied petroleum, diesel and more.
Dust Explosions - Substances, Critical Temperatures and Concentrations
Critical temperatures and concentration parameters for substances like coal, zinc, uranium and more.
Ethanol - Density and Specific Weight vs. Temperature and Pressure
Online calculator, figures and tables showing density and specific weight of ethanol at temperatures ranging from -25 to 325 °C (-10 to 620 °F) at atmospheric and higher pressure - Imperial and SI Units.
Ethylene - Density and Specific Weight vs. Temperature and Pressure
Online calculator, figures and tables showing density and specific weight of ethylene, C2H4, at varying temperature and pressure - Imperial and SI Units.
Flash Points - Liquids
The flash points for some common liquids and fuels.
Fuel Gases - Heating Values
Combustion heat values for gases like acetylene, blast furnace gas, ethane, biogas and more - Gross and Net values.
Fuel Oil Burners
Pot types, gun types and rotary types fuel burners.
Fuel Oil Combustion Values
Combustion values in Btu/gal for fuel oils No.1 to No.6.
Fuels - Boiling Points
Fuels and their boiling points.
Fuels - Combustion Air and Flue Gases
Combustion air and flue gas for common fuels - coke, oil, wood, natural gas and more.
Fuels - Densities and Specific Volumes
Densities and specific volumes fuels like anthracite, butane, gasoil, diesel, coke, oil, wood and more.
Fuels - Higher and Lower Calorific Values
Higher and lower calorific values (heating values) for fuels like coke, oil, wood, hydrogen and others.
Gaseous Fuels - Chemical Composition
Chemical composition of gaseous fuels like coal gas, natural gas, propane and more.
Gases - Explosion and Flammability Concentration Limits
Flame and explosion limits for gases like propane, methane, butane, acetylene and more.
Gasoline - Density, Specific Heat, Viscosity and Thermal Conductivity vs. Temperature
Density, specific heat, dynamic and kinematic viscosity and thermal conductivity of gasoline vs. temperature
Hazard vs. Flash Points
The flash point of a chemical indicates how easy it may ignite and burn.
Hazardous Areas - North America Classification
North American hazardous locations classification with classes, divisions and groups
Heating Fuels - Cost Comparing
Cost comparison formulas for heating fuels like Natural Gas, Propane LP Gas, Fuel Oil and Electricity.
Hydrocarbons - Autoignition Temperatures and Flash Points
Autoignition temperatures and flash points (°C and °F) of different types of hydrocarbons with varying carbon numbers up to C12.
Hydrocarbons - Vapor Pressures
Vapor pressure vs. temperature for propane, n-butane, n-heptane and n-pentane hydrocarbons.
Hydrogen - Thermophysical Properties
Chemical, Physical and Thermal Properties of Hydrogen - H2.
LPG - Gas Properties
Liquefied Petroleum - LP - gas properties.
Methane Gas - Specific Heat vs. Temperature
Specific heat of Methane Gas - CH4 - at temperatures ranging 200 - 1100 K.
Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) Emission from Fuels
Emission of Nitrogen Oxides - NOx - with combustion of fuels like oil, coal, propane and more.
Octane Liquid - Thermal Properties
Density, specific heat, thermal conductivity and more.
Oil Fuels - Viscosities vs. Temperature
Viscosities of fuel oils vs. temperature.
Pipes Submerged in Oil or Fat - Heat Emission
Heat emission from steam or water heating pipes submerged in oil or fat - forced and natural circulation.
Piston Engines - Displacement
Calculate piston engine displacement.
Propane - Density and Specific Weight vs. Temperature and Pressure
Online calculator, figures and tables showing density and specific weight of propane, C3H8, at temperatures ranging from -187 to 725 °C (-305 to 1300 °F) at atmospheric and higher pressure - Imperial and SI Units.
Propane - Thermophysical properties
Chemical, physical and thermal properties of propane gas - C3H8.
Standard Grade Coal - Heat Values
Standard grades coal heat values.
Toluene - Density and Specific Weight vs. Teemperature and Pressure
Density and specific weight of liquid toluene.
Toluene Liquid - Thermal Properties vs. Temperature
Density, specific heat, thermal conductivity and more.