Butane - Thermophysical Properties
The phase diagram of butane is shown below the table.
Chemical, physical and thermal properties of n-Butane - C 4 H 10 :
(values at 25 o C (77 o F, 298 K) and atmospheric pressure)
| Molecular Weight | 58.12 |
| Specific Gravity , air = 1 | 2.07 |
| Specific Volume ( ft 3 /lb, m 3 /kg ) | 6.5, 0.405 |
| Density of liquid at atmospheric pressure ( lb/ft 3 , kg/m 3 ) | 37.5, 604 |
| Vapor pressure at 25 o C ( psia, MN/m 2 ) | 35.4, 0.244 |
| Absolute Viscosity ( lb m /ft s, centipoises ) | 4.8 10 -6 , 0.007 |
| Sound velocity in gas ( m/s ) | 216 |
| Specific Heat - c p - ( Btu/lb o F or cal/g o C, J/kgK ) | 0.39, 1675 |
| Specific Heat Ratio - c p /c v | 1.096 |
| Gas constant - R - ( ft lb/lb o R, J/kg o C ) | 26.56, 143 |
| Thermal Conductivity ( Btu/hr ft o F, W/m o C ) | 0.01, 0.017 |
| Boiling Point - saturation pressure 14.7 psia and 760 mm Hg - ( o F, o C ) | 31.2, -0.4 |
| Latent Heat of Evaporation at boiling point ( Btu/lb, J/kg ) | 165.6, 386000 |
| Freezing or Melting Point at 1 atm ( o F, o C ) | -217, -138 |
| Latent Heat of Fusion ( Btu/lb, J/kg ) | 19.2, 44700 |
| Critical Temperature ( o F, o C ) | 306, 152 |
| Critical Pressure ( psia, MN/m 2 ) | 550, 3.8 |
| Critical Volume ( ft 3 /lb, m 3 /kg ) | 0.070, 0.0043 |
| Flammable | yes |
| Heat of combustion ( Btu/ft 3 , Btu/lb, kJ/kg ) | 3300, 21400, 49700 |
Follow the links below to get values for the listed properties of butane at varying pressure and temperature :
- Density and specific weight
- Dynamic and kinematic viscosity
- Specific heat (heat capacity)
- Thermal conductivity
See also more about atmospheric pressure , and STP - Standard Temperature and Pressure & NTP - Normal Temperature and Pressure ,
as well as Thermophysical properties of: Acetone , Acetylene , Air , Ammonia , Argon , Benzene , Carbon dioxide , Carbon monoxide , Ethane , Ethanol , Ethylene , Helium , Hydrogen , Hydrogen sulfide , Methane , Methanol , Nitrogen , Oxygen , Pentane , Propane , Toluene , Water and Heavy water, D 2 O .
Butane is a gas at standard conditions. However, at lower temperature and/or high pressures the gas becomes a liquid or a solid.
The butane phase diagram shows the phase behavior with changes in temperature and pressure. The curve between the critical point and the triple point shows the butane boiling point with changes in pressure. It also shows the saturation pressure with changes in temperature.
At the critical point there is no change of state when pressure is increased or if heat is added.
The triple point of a substance is the temperature and pressure at which the three phases (gas, liquid, and solid) of that substance coexist in thermodynamic equilibrium.
Related Topics
• Material Properties
Material properties of gases, fluids and solids - densities, specific heats, viscosities and more.
Related Documents
Acetone - Thermophysical Properties
Chemical, physical and thermal properties of acetone, also called 2-propanone, dimethyl ketone and pyroacetic acid. Phase diagram included.
Benzene - Thermophysical properties
Chemical, physical and thermal properties of benzene, also called benzol. Phase diagram included.
Butane - Density and Specific Weight vs. Temperature and Pressure
Online calculators, figures and tables showing density and specific weight of liquid and gaseous butane, C4H10, at varying temperarure and pressure, SI and Imperial units.
Butane - Dynamic and Kinematic Viscosity vs. Temperature and Pressure
Online calculators, figures and tables with dynamic and kinematic viscosity of liquid and gaseous butane, C4H10, at varying temperarure and pressure, SI and Imperial units.
Butane - Specific Heat vs. Temperature and Pressure
Online calculators, figures and tables showing specific heat, Cp and Cv, of gasous and liquid butane, C4H10, at varying temperarure and pressure, SI and Imperial units.
Butane - Thermal Conductivity vs. Temperature and Pressure
Online calculators, figures and tables showing thermal conductivity of liquid and gaseous butane, C4H10, at varying temperature and pressure, SI and Imperial units.
Combustion Heat
Heat of combustion (energy content) for som common substances - with examples how to calculate heat of combustion.
Ethane - Thermophysical Properties
Chemical, Physical and Thermal Properties of Ethane - C2H6.
Ethylene - Thermophysical Properties
Chemical, physical and thermal properties of ethylene, also called ethene, acetene and olefiant gas. Phase diagram included.
Flash Points - Liquids
The flash points for some common liquids and fuels.
Fuel Gases - Flame Temperatures
Adiabatic flame temperatures for common fuel gases - propane, butane, acetylene and more - in air or oxygen atmospheres.
Fuel Gases - Heating Values
Combustion heat values for gases like acetylene, blast furnace gas, ethane, biogas and more - Gross and Net values.
Fuels - Higher and Lower Calorific Values
Higher and lower calorific values (heating values) for fuels like coke, oil, wood, hydrogen and others.
Fuels and Chemicals - Autoignition Temperatures
Autoignition points for fuels and chemicals like butane, coke, hydrogen, petroleum and more.
Gases - Densities
Densities and molecular weights of common gases like acetylene, air, methane, nitrogen, oxygen and others.
Gases - Explosion and Flammability Concentration Limits
Flame and explosion limits for gases like propane, methane, butane, acetylene and more.
Gases - Gross and Net Heat Values
Gross heat and net heat values for gases like hydrogen, methane and more.
Gases - Specific Gravities
Specific gravities of air, ammonia, butadiene, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and some other common gases.
Hydrocarbons - Vapor Pressures
Vapor pressure vs. temperature for propane, n-butane, n-heptane and n-pentane hydrocarbons.
LPG - Gas Properties
Liquefied Petroleum - LP - gas properties.
Molecular Weight of Substances
Definition and molecular weight (molar mass) of some common substances.
Pentane - Thermophysical Properties
Chemical, physical and thermal properties of pentane, also called n-pentane. Phase diagram included.
Propane - Thermophysical properties
Chemical, physical and thermal properties of propane gas - C3H8.
Propane Butane Mixture - Evaporation Pressure
Evaporation pressure of propane butane mixture vs. temperature.
Triple Points Substances
Triple points for common substances.