Acetone - Thermophysical Properties
Acetone (2-propanone), CH3-CO-CH3, is a clear colorless liquid with a characteristic fruity and sweetish odor. It is flammable and vapors are heavier than air. Acetone is toxic in high doses.
Acetone occurs naturally in plants, trees, forest fires, vehicle exhaust and as a breakdown product of animal fat metabolism. The substance may be normally present in very small quantities in urine and blood; larger amounts may be found in the urine and blood of diabetics. Acetone is used as a solvent in paint and nail polish removers.
The phase diagram of acetone is shown below the table.
Chemical, physical and thermal properties of acetone :
Values are given for liquid at 25 oC (77 oF, 298 K) and 1 bara, if not other phase, temperature or pressure given.
For full table with Imperial units - rotate the screen!
| Property | Value | Unit | Value | Unit | Value | Unit | Value | Unit | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acidity (pKa1) | 20 | ||||||||||
| Autoignition temperature | 738 | K | 465 | °C | 869 | °F | |||||
| Boiling Point | 329.2 | K | 56.08 | °C | 132.9 | °F | |||||
| Critical density | 4.70 | mol/dm3 | 273 | kg/m3 | 0.530 | slug/ft3 | 17.0 | lb/ft3 | |||
| Critical pressure | 4.69 | MPa=MN/m2 | 46.9 | bar | 46.3 | atm | 681 | psi=lbf/in2 | |||
| Critical temperature | 508.1 | K | 235.0 | °C | 454.9 | °F | |||||
| Critical volume | 213 | cm3/mol | 0.00366 | m3/kg | 1.89 | ft3/slug | 0.0587 | ft3/lb | |||
| Density | 13507 | mol/m3 | 784.5 | kg/m3 | 1.522 | slug/ft3 | 48.97 | lb/ft3 | |||
| Flammable, gas and liquid | yes | ||||||||||
| Flash point | 256 | K | -17 | °C | 1 | °F | |||||
| Gas constant, individual - R | 143.2 | J/kg K | 0.03977 | Wh/(kg K) | 856.1 | (ft lbf/slug °R) | 26.61 | (ft lbf/lb °R) | |||
| Gibbs free energy of formation (gas) | -153 | kJ/mol | -2634 | kJ/kg | -1133 | Btu/lb | |||||
| Heat (enthalpy) of combustion (gas) | -1821 | kJ/mol | -31354 | kJ/kg | -13.5 | Btu/lb | |||||
| Heat (enthalpy) of combustion (liquid) | -1789 | kJ/mol | -30803 | kJ/kg | -13.2 | Btu/lb | |||||
| Heat (enthalpy) of formation (gas) | -218.0 | kJ/mol | -3753 | kJ/kg | -1614 | Btu/lb | |||||
| Heat (enthalpy) of formation (liquid) | -249 | kJ/mol | -4287 | kJ/kg | -1843 | Btu/lb | |||||
| Heat (enthalpy) of fusion at -142 °F/-97°C | 5.7 | kJ/mol | 98 | kJ/kg | 42.19 | Btu/lb | |||||
| Heat (enthalpy) of evaporation | 31.0 | kJ/mol | 534 | kJ/kg | 229 | Btu/lb | |||||
| Specific Heat capacity, Cp (gas) | 75.0 | J/mol K | 1.29 | kJ/kg K | 0.308 | Btu/lb°F or cal/g K | |||||
| Specific Heat capacity, Cp (liquid) | 124.5 | J/mol K | 2.14 | kJ/kg K | 0.512 | Btu/lb°F or cal/g K | |||||
| Specific Heat capacity, Cv (liquid) | 90.0 | J/mol K | 1.55 | kJ/kg K | 0.370 | Btu/lb°F or cal/g K | |||||
| Ionization potential | 9.69 | eV | |||||||||
| log KOW (Octanol/Water Partition Coefficient) | -0.24 | ||||||||||
| Melting point | 178.25 | K | -94.9 | °C | -138.8 | °F | |||||
| Molecular Weight | 58.079 | g/mol | 0.12804 | lb/mol | |||||||
| Solubility in water, at 25°C | 1000 | mg/ml | Miscible with water | ||||||||
| Sound velocity | 1164 | m/s | 3818 | ft/s | 2607 | mi/h | |||||
| Specific Gravity (gas) (relativ to air) | 2.0 | ||||||||||
| Specific Gravity (liquid) (relativ to water) | 0.79 | ||||||||||
| Specific Heat Ratio (liquid) - CP/CV | 1.38 | ||||||||||
| Specific Volume | 0.0000740 | m3/mol | 0.00127 | m3/kg | 0.657 | ft3/slug | 0.0204 | ft3/lb | |||
| Standard molar entropy, S° (gas) | 295 | J/mol K | 5.08 | kJ/kg K | 1.21 | Btu/lb °F | |||||
| Surface tension | 23.1 | dynes/cm | 0.02308 | N/m | |||||||
| Thermal Conductivity | 0.18 | W/m °C | 0.104002 | Btu/hr ft °F | |||||||
| Triple point pressure | 2.33 ×10-6 | MPa=MN/m2 | 2.33 ×10-5 | bar | 2.30 ×10-5 | atm | 3.38 ×10-4 | psi=lbf/in2 | |||
| Triple point temperature | 178.5 | K | -94.7 | °C | -138.37 | °F | |||||
| Vapor (saturation) pressure | 0.0308 | MPa=MN/m2 | 231.0 | mm Hg | 0.3039 | atm | 4.47 | psi=lbf/in2 | |||
| Viscosity, dynamic (absolute) | 0.309 | cP | 207.6 | (lbm/ft s ×10-6) | 6.45 | (lbf s/ft2 ×10-6) | |||||
| Viscosity, kinematic | 0.394 | cSt | 4.2 | (ft2/s ×10-6) | |||||||
Density and specific weight of acetone at varying pressure and temperature.
See also more about atmospheric pressure, and STP - Standard Temperature and Pressure & NTP - Normal Temperature and Pressure,
as well as Thermophysical properties of: Acetylene, Air, Ammonia, Argon, Benzene, Butane, Carbon dioxide, Carbon monoxide, Ethane, Ethanol, Ethylene, Helium, Hydrogen, Hydrogen sulfide, Methane, Methanol, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Pentane, Propane, Toluene, Water and Heavy water, D2O.
Acetone is a liquid at standard conditions. However, at low temperature and/or very high pressures it becomes a solid.
The phase diagram for acetone shows the phase behavior with changes in temperature and pressure. The curve between the critical point and the triple point shows the acetone boiling point with changes in pressure. It also shows the saturation pressure with changes in temperature.
At the critical point there is no change of state when pressure is increased or if heat is added.
The triple point of a substance is the temperature and pressure at which the three phases (gas, liquid, and solid) of that substance coexist in thermodynamic equilibrium.
Related Topics
• Fluid Mechanics
The study of fluids - liquids and gases. Involving velocity, pressure, density and temperature as functions of space and time.
• Material Properties
Properties of gases, fluids and solids. Densities, specific heats, viscosities and more.
• Thermodynamics
Work, heat and energy systems.
Related Documents
Dynamic, Absolute, and Kinematic Viscosity – Definitions & Conversions
The differences between dynamic, absolute, and kinematic viscosity - a fluids resistance to flow - with definitions, unit conversions, and practical applications for engineers and scientists.
Acetone - Density and Specific Weight
Online calculator, figures and tables showing density and specific weight of acetone at temperatures ranging from -95 to 275 °C (-138 to 530 °F) at atmospheric and higher pressure - Imperial and SI Units.
Acetylene - Thermophysical Properties
Chemical, Physical and Thermal Properties of Acetylene.
Air Properties - Density, Viscosity, Heat Capacity, Thermal Conductivity, and more
Thermal properties of air, including density, viscosity, thermal conductivity, specific heat and more at different temperatures and pressures. Comprehensive reference with formulas, tables, and charts to support engineering calculations.
Ammonia - Thermophysical Properties
Chemical, Physical and Thermal Properties of Ammonia. Phase diagram included.
Argon - Thermophysical Properties
Chemical, Physical and Thermal Properties of Argon.
Benzene - Thermophysical properties
Chemical, physical and thermal properties of benzene, also called benzol. Phase diagram included.
Butane - Thermophysical Properties
Chemical, physical and thermal properties of n-Butane.
Carbon Dioxide (CO₂) Properties & Characteristics: Density, Thermal Data & More
Chemical, physical and thermal properties of carbon dioxide. Phase diagram included.
Carbon Monoxide - CO - Thermophysical Properties
Chemical, Physical and Thermal Properties of Carbon Monoxide - CO.
Conductive Heat Transfer
Conductive heat transfer takes place in a solid if there is a temperature gradient.
Critical Temperatures and Pressures for some Common Substances
Critical temperatures and pressures for some common substances like air, alcohol, ether, oxygen and more.
Density, Specific Weight, and Specific Gravity – Definitions & Calculator
The difference between density, specific weight, and specific gravity. Including formulas, definitions, and reference values for common substances.
Ethane - Thermophysical Properties
Chemical, Physical and Thermal Properties of Ethane - C2H6.
Ethanol - Thermophysical properties
Chemical, physical and thermal properties of ethanol (also called alcohol or ethyl alcohol). Phase diagram included.
Ethylene - Thermophysical Properties
Chemical, physical and thermal properties of ethylene, also called ethene, acetene and olefiant gas. Phase diagram included.
Gases - Explosion and Flammability Concentration Limits
Flame and explosion limits for gases like propane, methane, butane, acetylene and more.
Heat Capacity
The amount of heat required to change the temperature of a substance by one degree.
Heavy Water - Thermophysical Properties
Thermodynamic properties of heavy water (D2O) like density, melting temperature, boiling temperature, latent heat of fusion, latent heat of evaporation, critical temperature and more.
Helium - Thermophysical Properties
Chemical, Physical and Thermal Properties of Helium - He.
Hydrocarbons - Autoignition Temperatures and Flash Points
Autoignition temperatures and flash points (°C and °F) of different types of hydrocarbons with varying carbon numbers up to C12.
Hydrogen - Thermophysical Properties
Chemical, Physical and Thermal Properties of Hydrogen - H2.
Hydrogen sulfide - Thermophysical Properties
Chemical, physical and thermal properties of hydrogen sulfide, H2S, also called hydrosulfuric acid, sewer gas and stink damp. Phase diagram included.
Individual & Universal Gas Constants: Definitions, Values, and Applications
The Universal and Individual Gas Constants in fluid mechanics and thermodynamics. Individual gas constants for the most common gases.
Liquids - Dielectric Constants
Dielectric constants or permittivities of some fluids or liquids.
Liquids - Latent Heat of Evaporation
Latent heat of vaporization for fluids like alcohol, ether, nitrogen, water and more.
Liquids - Vapor Pressures
Vapor and saturation pressure for some common liquids.
Methane (CH₄): Thermophysical Properties and Phase Diagram
Chemical, Physical and Thermal Properties of Methane - CH4. Phase diagram included.
Methanol - Thermophysical Properties
Chemical, physical and thermal properties of methanol, CH3OH (also called carbinol, wood alcohol, hydroxy methyl and methyl alcohol). Phase diagram included.
Molecular Weight of Substances
Definition and molecular weight (molar mass) of some common substances.
Nitrogen - Thermophysical Properties
Chemical, Physical and Thermal Properties of Nitrogen - N2.
Oxygen - Thermophysical properties
Chemical, Physical and Thermal Properties of Oxygen - O2.
Pentane - Thermophysical Properties
Chemical, physical and thermal properties of pentane, also called n-pentane. Phase diagram included.
Polyurethane - Chemical Resistance
Chemical resistance of Polyurethane (PUR).
Pressure
Introduction to pressure - online pressure units converter.
Propane - Thermophysical properties
Chemical, physical and thermal properties of propane gas - C3H8.
Refractive Index common Liquids, Solids and Gases
Some common fluids and their refractive index.
Rubbers and Elastomers - Chemical Resistance
Rsistance to chemicals - solvents and softeners - swelling properties.
Solubility
The amount of a solute that can be dissolved in a solvent.
Speed of Sound - Equations
Calculate the speed of sound (the sonic velocity) in gases, fluids or solids.
Standard State and Enthalpy of Formation, Gibbs Free Energy of Formation, Entropy and Heat Capacity
Definition and explanation of the terms standard state and standard enthalpy of formation, with listing of values for standard enthalpy and Gibbs free energy of formation, as well as standard entropy and molar heat capacity, of 370 inorganic compounds.
STP - Standard Temperature and Pressure and NTP - Normal Temperature and Pressure
The definition of STP - Standard Temperature and Pressure and NTP - Normal Temperature and Pressure.
Substances Triple Points
Triple points for common substances.
Surface Tension
Surface tension of liquids like water, mercury, oils and more.
Water Thermal Properties – Density, Heat Capacity, and Conductivity
Thermal properties of water, including density, specific heat capacity, thermal conductivity, and thermal expansion at different temperatures.