Piping Systems
Dimensions of pipes and tubes, materials and capacities, pressure drop calculations and charts, insulation and heat loss diagrams.
• Codes and Standards
Piping codes and standards - ASME, ANSI, ASTM, AGA, API, AWWA, BS, ISO, DIN and more..
• Corrosion
Corrosion in piping systems caused by thermodynamic and electrochemical processes - corrosion problems and methods of protection and prevention.
• Design Strategies
Piping systems design strategies - documentation, P&ID, flow diagrams - capacities and limits.
• Dimensions
Sizes and dimensions of pipes and tubes, and their fittings - inside and outside diameter, weight and more.
• Fluid Flow and Pressure Loss
Pipe lines - fluid flow and pressure loss - water, sewer, steel pipes, pvc pipes, copper tubes and more.
• Heat Loss and Insulation
Heat loss from pipes, tubes and tanks - with and without insulation - foam, fiberglass, rockwool and more.
• Pressure Ratings
Pressure ratings of pipes and tubes and their fittings - carbon steel , stainless steel, plastic, copper and more.
• Temperature Expansion
Thermal expansion of pipes and tubes - stainless steel, carbon steel, copper, plastics and more.
• Valve Standards
International standards for valves in piping systems.
American vs. British Piping Standards
US American (ASTM) vs. British (BSi) piping standards - specifications, grades and material descriptions.
ANSI Schedule 40 Steel Pipes - Dimensions
Internal and external diameters, areas, weights, volumes and number of threads for ANSI schedule 40 steel pipes.
ANSI Schedule 80 Steel Pipes - Dimensions
Internal and external diameters, areas, weights, volumes and number of threads for schedule 80 steel pipes.
ASME/ANSI B36.10/19 - Carbon, Alloy and Stainless Steel Pipes - Dimensions
Pipe sizes, inside and outside diameters, wall thickness, schedules, moment of inertia, transverse area, weight of pipe filled with water - U.S. Customary Units.
ASME/ANSI B36.10/19 - Carbon, Alloy and Stainless Steel Pipes - Dimensions - Metric Units
Pipe sizes, inside and outside diameters, wall thickness, schedules, weight and weight of pipe filled with water - Metric Units.
ASTM Cross Reference Material Specifications
Cross reference for fittings, flanges, unions and cast and foged valves.
Ball Valves - Flow Coefficients Cv
Flow coefficients - Cv - for typical ball valves - reduced and full bore.
Boiling Fluids - Max Suction Flow Velocities
Recommended max suction flow velocity when pumping boiling fluids.
Boiling Liquids - Max Pumping Flow Velocities
Recommended max flow velocity on the delivery (pressure) side when pumping boiling liquids.
Bronze Flanges - ASME/ANSI 150 lb
Flange diameters, thickness, bolt circles, numbers and diameters of bolts for ASME/ANSI B16.15 - Cast Bronze Threaded Fittings - 150 lb Bronze flanges with plain faces.
Bronze Flanges - ASME/ANSI 300 lb
Flange diameters, thickness, bolt circles, numbers and diameter of bolts for ASME/ANSI B16.15 - Cast Bronze Threaded Fittings - 300 lb Bronze - Flanges with plain faces.
Butterfly Valves - Flow Coefficients Cv
Typical flow coefficients - Cv - for butterfly valves.
Carbon and Stainless Steel Flanges - ASME/ANSI Class 150
ASME/ANSI B16.5-1996 Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings - Class 150 Flanges - outside and inside diameters, bolt circles, numbers and diameters of bolts.
Carbon and Stainless Steel Flanges - ASME/ANSI Class 1500
ASME/ANSI B16.5-1996 Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings - Class 1500 Flanges - outside and inside diameters, bolt circles, numbers and diameters of bolts.
Carbon and Stainless Steel Flanges - ASME/ANSI Class 2500
ASME/ANSI B16.5-1996 Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings - Class 2500 Flanges - outside and inside diameters, bolt circles, numbers and diameters of bolts.
Carbon and Stainless Steel Flanges - ASME/ANSI Class 300
ASME/ANSI B16.5-1996 Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings - Class 300 Flanges - outside and inside diameters, bolt circles, numbers and diameters of bolts.
Carbon and Stainless Steel Flanges - ASME/ANSI Class 400
ASME/ANSI B16.5-1996 Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings - Class 400 Flanges - outside and inside diameters, bolt circles, numbers and diameters of bolts.
Carbon and Stainless Steel Flanges - ASME/ANSI Class 600
ASME/ANSI B16.5-1996 Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings - Class 600 Flanges - outside and inside diameters, bolt circles, numbers and diameters of bolts.
Carbon and Stainless Steel Flanges - ASME/ANSI Class 900
ASME/ANSI B16.5-1996 Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings - Class 900 Flanges - outside and inside diameters, bolt circles, numbers and diameters of bolts.
Carbon Steel Flanges - Pressure and Temperature Ratings
Maximum ratings for flanges conforming to ISO Standard 2229 dimensions and material specification AST-A-105.
Carbon Steel Pipes - Comparing American & European Standards
Comparing standards of carbon steel pipes from USA, Germany, UK and Sweden.
Cast Iron
The four basic types of cast iron - white iron, gray iron, ductile iron and malleable iron.
Cast Iron Flanges - ASME/ANSI Class 125
ASME/ANSI B16.1 Cast Iron Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings - Class 125 Flanges - outside and inside diameters, bolt circles, numbers and diameters of bolts.
Cast Iron Flanges - ASME/ANSI Class 25
ASME/ANSI B16.1 - 1998 - Cast Iron Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings - Class 25 Flanges - outside and inside diameters, bolt circles, numbers and diameters of bolts.
Cast Iron Flanges - ASME/ANSI Class 250
ASME/ANSI B16.1 Cast Iron Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings - Class 250 Flanges - outside and inside diameters, bolt circles, numbers and diameters of bolts.
Content in Horizontal - or Sloped - Cylindrical Tanks or Pipes
Volume of partly filled horizontal or sloped cylindrical tanks or pipes - online calculator.
Cooling Water - Pipe Lines
Sizing cooling water pipe lines - maximum allowable flow, velocity and pressure drops.
Copper Tubes - Heat Losses
Heat loss from uninsulated copper tubes vs. temperature differences between tube and air.
Diaphragm Valves - Diaphragm Materials
Common diaphragm materials and their main properties when used in diaphragm valves.
Download ANSI, American National Standards Institute, Standards
ANSI is a private, not-for-profit, membership organization that acts not as a standards developer, but as a standards coordinating and approval body.
EN 10255 - Non-alloy Steel Tubes for Welding and Threading - Dimensions
Dimensions and weights of steel tubes according BS EN 10255.
Firefighting Water - Required Volume Flow
Required water for firefighting.
Flow Coefficient Cv vs. Flow Factor Kv
Comparing flow coefficients Cv to flow factors Kv.
Gasket Characteristics
Gaskets are used to make a fluid or gas resistant seal between two surfaces.
Horizontal Pipe Hanger Supports - Spacing and Rod Size
Recommended maximum support span between hangers - and rod sizes for straight horizontal pipes.
HVAC Diagram - Online Drawing Tool
Draw HVAC diagrams online with this Google Drive drawing tool.
Ice Loaded Pipelines
Ice coat weigth on horizontal pipe lines.
Incompressible Flow Calculator
Pipe rating for single phase incompressible flow.
Insulated Copper Tubes - Heat Loss
Heat loss to surrounding air from insulated copper tubes.
Light Oil Pumping - Flow Velocities
Recommended max. flow velocities on the delivery side when pumping light oils.
Light Oil Suction - Flow Velocities
Recommended max. suction flow velocities when pumping light oils.
NDT - Non Destructive Testing
Non-destructive construction testing.
NPS - 'Nominal Pipe Size' and DN - 'Diametre Nominal'
The size of pipes, fittings, flanges and valves are often given in inches as NPS - Nominal Pipe Size, or in metric units as DN - 'Diametre Nominal'.
P&ID Diagram - Online Drawing Tool
Draw P&ID diagrams online in the browser with Google Docs.
Pipes - Fractional Equivalents
Fractional vs. decimal inches.
Pipes - Relative Capacity
Relative capacity between larger and smaller pipes.
Pipes and Tubes - Temperature Expansion
Pipes expands when heated and contracts when cooled and the expansion can be expressed with the expansion equation.
Piping Materials - Temperature Expansion Coefficients
Temperature expansion coefficients for materials used in pipes and tubes like aluminum, carbon steel, cast iron, PVC, HDPE and more.
Pneumatic Powder and Solid Transport Systems
Pneumatic transport systems used to move powder and other solid products.
Pneumatic Transport - Solids and Particle Size
Particle sizes for common products like coal, sand, ash and more.
Pneumatic Transport and Conveying - Carrying Velocities
Recommended air velocity for pneumatic transport of products like cement, coal, flour and more.
Pneumatics - Transport of Solids and Separator Types
Separators used in pneumatic solids transport systems and their minimum particle size.
Propylene Glycol based Heat-Transfer Fluids
Freezing points of propylene glycol based heat-transfer fluids suitable for the food processing industry.
Reynolds Number
Introduction and definition of the dimensionless Reynolds Number - online calculators.
Slurry Transport - Minimum Flow Velocity
Flow velocities in slurry transport systems to avoid settling of solids.
Stainless Steel Pipes - American vs. European Standards
American - US - vs. European - German, British (UK) and Swedish - stainless steel pipe standards.
Stainless Steel Pipes - Dimensions and Weights
Dimensions, wall thickness and weights of stainless steel pipes according to ASME B36.19 Stainless Steel Pipes.
Steel Pipes - Heat Loss Diagram
Heat loss from steel pipes and tubes - dimensions 1/2 to 12 inches.
Steel Pipes - Temperature Expansion
Calculate temperature expansion with carbon steel pipes.
Steel Pipes Schedule 40 - Pressure Loss
Water flow and pressure loss in schedule 40 steel pipes - Imperial and SI units - gallons per minute, liters per second and cubic meters per hour.
Straight Through Diaphragm Valves - Flow Coefficients
Flow coefficients - Cv - and flow factors - Kv - for straight through diaphragm valves.
Thermoplastic Pipes - Supporting Distances vs. Temperature
Maximum space between supports for PVC, CPVC, PVDF and PP pipes vs. temperature.
Threaded & Socket Welded Steel Fittings - Pressure Classes vs. Schedules
Pressure classes, schedules and weights of pipes for threaded & socket welded fittings.
Valve Selection Guide
Applications guide for selecting valves.
Valve Type Classifications
Categories of valves.
Valves - Specific Services
In case of a specific service - the choose of a valve may be simplified by following an established practice.
Valves - Typical Operating Temperatures
Operating temperatures for typical categories of valves - ball valves, butterfly valves and more.
Valves Types - Operating Size Ranges
Types of valves and their typical operating sizes.
Viscous Liquids - Max. Delivery Flow Velocities
Recommended max. flow velocities on delivery sides of pumps in viscous systems.
Viscous Liquids - Max. Suction Flow Velocities
Recommended max. pump suction flow velocity for viscous fluids.
Volume in Horizontal Pipes or Cylindrical Tanks
Liquid content in partly filled horizontal pipes or tanks.
Water - Max. Suction Flow Velocities vs. Pipe Size
Recommended max. water flow velocities on suction sides of pumps.
Water Flow - Max. Delivery Velocities vs. Pipe Size
Recommended maximum flow velocities in water systems on the delivery side of the pump.
Weir Diaphragm Valves - Flow Coefficients and Flow Factors
Typical flow coefficients - Cv - and flow factors - Kv - for weir diaphragm valves.
