Insulation
Heat transfer and heat loss from buildings and technical applications - heat transfer coefficients and insulation methods to reduce energy consumption.
Arithmetic and Logarithmic Mean Temperature Difference
Arithmetic Mean Temperature Difference in Heat Exchangers - AMTD - and Logarithmic Mean Temperature Difference - LMTD - formulas with examples - Online Mean Temperature Calculator.
Building Elements - Heat Loss vs. Thermal Resistivity
Thermal resistance in building elements like walls, floors and roofs above and below the ground.
Building Materials - Vapour Resistance
Diffusion of vapor through building materials.
Calcium Silicate Insulation
Thermal conductivity of calcium silicate insulation - temperature and k-values.
Conductive Heat Transfer
Conductive heat transfer takes place in a solid if there is a temperature gradient.
Copper Tubes - Uninsulated Heat Losses
Heat loss from uninsulated copper pipes - dimensions ranging 1/2 - 4 inches.
Duct Wrap Insulation - Thermal Resistance
Heat flow thermal resistance of unfaced and faced duct wrap insulation.
Fiberglass Insulation
Thermal conductivity of fiberglass insulation - temperature and k-values.
Heat Traced Pipes - Wrapping Factor
Wrapping factor when the heat loss from a pipe or tube is higher than the capacity of the heat trace cable.
Insulated Copper Tubes - Heat Loss
Heat loss to surrounding air from insulated copper tubes.
Insulation Materials - Operating Temperature Limits
Temperature limits for commonly used insulation materials.
Insulation of Cooling Systems
Cooling systems and insulation thickness.
Mineral Wool Insulation
Thermal conductivity - k-values - vs. temperature.
Overall Heat Transfer Coefficients
Walls or heat exchangers - calculate overall heat transfer coefficients.
Perlite Insulation
Thermal conductivity - k-values - vs. temperature.
Pipes - Bare Surface Heat Loss
Heat loss vs. surface temperature.
Pipes - Insulated Heat Loss Diagrams
Heat loss (W/m) from 1/2 to 6 inches insulated pipes - ranging insulation thickness 10 to 80 mm and temperature differences 20 to 180 oC.
Pipes - Insulated Heat Loss Diagrams
Heat loss (W/ft) diagrams for 1/2 to 6 inches insulated pipes - ranging insulation thickness 0.5 to 4 inches and temperature differences 50 to 350 oF.
Pipes and Cylinders - Conductive Heat Losses
Conductive heat losses through cylinder or pipe walls.
Piping - Recommended Insulation Thickness
Recommended insulation thickness for heating systems like hot water and low, medium or high pressure steam systems.
Polyurethane Insulation
Thermal conductivity - k-values - vs. temperature.
Radiation - Surfaces Emissivity Coefficients
Radiation emissivity of common materials like water, ice, snow, grass and more.
Radiation Heat Transfer
Heat transfer due to emission of electromagnetic waves is known as thermal radiation.
Solids, Liquids and Gases - Thermal Conductivities
Thermal conductivity coefficients for insulation materials, aluminum, asphalt, brass, copper, steel, gases and more.
Steel Pipes - Heat Loss Diagram
Heat loss from steel pipes and tubes - dimensions 1/2 to 12 inches.
