Thermal Expansion - Linear Expansion Coefficients
Linear temperature expansion coefficients for common materials like aluminum, copper, glass, iron and many more.
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When an object is heated or cooled, its length change by an amount proportional to the original length and the change in temperature.
Thermal expansion coefficients for some common materials:
| Product | Linear Temperature Expansion Coefficient - α - (10-6 m/(m °C)) |
|---|---|
| ABS (Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene) thermoplastic | 72 - 108 |
| ABS -glass fiber-reinforced | 31 |
| Acetal - glass fiber-reinforced | 39 |
| Acetals | 85 - 110 |
| Acrylic | 68 - 75 |
| ALLVAR Alloy 30 (negative thermal expansion) | -30 |
| Alumina (aluminium oxide, Al2O3) | 8.1 |
| Aluminum | 21 - 24 |
| Aluminum nitride | 5.3 |
| Amber | 50 - 60 |
| Antimonial lead (hard lead) | 26.5 |
| Antimony | 9 - 11 |
| Arsenic | 4.7 |
| Bakelite, bleached | 22 |
| Barium | 20.6 |
| Barium ferrite | 10 |
| Benzocyclobutene | 42 |
| Beryllium | 12 |
| Bismuth | 13 - 13.5 |
| Brass | 18 - 19 |
| Brick masonry | 5 |
| Bronze | 17.5 - 18 |
| Cadmium | 30 |
| Calcium | 22.3 |
| Caoutchouc | 66 - 69 |
| Cast Iron Gray | 10.8 |
| Celluloid | 100 |
| Cellulose acetate (CA) | 130 |
| Cellulose acetate butynate (CAB) | 96 - 171 |
| Cellulose nitrate (CN) | 80 - 120 |
| Cement, Portland | 11 |
| Cerium | 5.2 |
| Chlorinated polyether | 80 |
| Chlorinated polyvinylchloride (CPVC) | 63 - 66 |
| Chromium | 6 - 7 |
| Clay tile structure | 5.9 |
| Cobalt | 12 |
| Concrete | 13 - 14 |
| Concrete structure | 9.8 |
| Constantan | 15.2 - 18.8 |
| Copper | 16 - 16.7 |
| Copper, Beryllium 25 | 17.8 |
| Corundum, sintered | 6.5 |
| Cupronickel 30% (constantan) | 16.2 |
| Diamond (Carbon) | 1.1 - 1.3 |
| Duralumin | 23 |
| Dysprosium | 9.9 |
| Ebonite | 70 |
| Epoxy - glass fiber reinforced | 36 |
| Epoxy, cast resins & compounds, unfilled | 45 - 65 |
| Erbium | 12.2 |
| Ethylene ethyl acrylate (EEA) | 205 |
| Ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) | 180 |
| Europium | 35 |
| Fluoroethylene propylene (FEP) | 135 |
| Fluorspar, CaF2 | 19.5 |
| Gadolinium | 9 |
| German silver | 18.4 |
| Germanium | 6.1 |
| Glass, hard | 5.9 |
| Glass, plate | 9.0 |
| Glass, Pyrex | 4.0 |
| Gold | 14.2 |
| Gold - copper | 15.5 |
| Gold - platinum | 15.2 |
| Granite | 7.9 - 8.4 |
| Graphite, pure (Carbon) | 4 -8 |
| Gunmetal | 18 |
| Gutta percha | 198 |
| Hafnium | 5.9 |
| Hard alloy K20 | 6 |
| Hastelloy C | 11.3 |
| Holmium | 11.2 |
| Ice, 0oC water | 51 |
| Inconel | 11.5 - 12.6 |
| Indium | 33 |
| Invar | 1.5 |
| Iridium | 6.4 |
| Iron, cast | 10.4 - 11 |
| Iron, forged | 11.3 |
| Iron, pure | 12.0 |
| Kapton | 20 |
| Lanthanum | 12.1 |
| Lead | 29 |
| Limestone | 8 |
| Lithium | 46 |
| Lutetium | 9.9 |
| Macor | 9.3 |
| Magnalium | 23.8 |
| Magnesium | 25 - 26.9 |
| Magnesium alloy AZ31B | 26 |
| Manganese | 22 |
| Manganin | 18.1 |
| Marble | 5.5 - 14.1 |
| Masonry, brick | 4.7 - 9.0 |
| Mercury | 61 |
| Mica | 3 |
| Molybdenum | 5 |
| Monel metal | 13.5 |
| Mortar | 7.3 - 13.5 |
| Neodymium | 9.6 |
| Nickel | 13.0 |
| Niobium (Columbium) | 7 |
| Nylon, general purpose | 50 - 90 |
| Nylon, glass fiber reinforced | 23 |
| Nylon, Type 11, molding and extruding compound | 100 |
| Nylon, Type 12, molding and extruding compound | 80.5 |
| Nylon, Type 6, cast | 85 |
| Nylon, Type 6/6, molding compound | 80 |
| Oak, perpendicular to the grain | 54 |
| Osmium | 5 - 6 |
| Palladium | 11.8 |
| Paraffin | 106 - 480 |
| Phenolic resin without fillers | 60 - 80 |
| Phosphor bronze | 16.7 |
| Plaster | 17 |
| Plastics | 40 - 120 |
| Platinum | 9 |
| Plutonium | 47 - 54 |
| Polyacrylonitrile | 70 |
| Polyallomer | 92 |
| Polyamide (PA) | 110 |
| Polybutylene (PB) | 130 - 139 |
| Polycarbonate (PC) | 65 - 70 |
| Polycarbonate - glass fiber-reinforced | 21.5 |
| Polyester | 124 |
| Polyester - glass fiber-reinforced | 25 |
| Polyethylene (PE) | 108 - 200 |
| Polyethylene (PE) - High Molecular Weight | 108 |
| Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) | 59.4 |
| Polyphenylene | 54 |
| Polyphenylene - glass fiber-reinforced | 36 |
| Polypropylene (PP), unfilled | 72 - 90 |
| Polypropylene - glass fiber-reinforced | 32 |
| Polystyrene (PS) | 70 |
| Polysulfone (PSO) | 55 - 60 |
| Polytetrafluorethylene (PTFE) | 112 - 135 |
| Polyurethane (PUR), rigid | 57.6 |
| Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) | 54 - 110 |
| Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) | 128 - 140 |
| Porcelain, Industrial | 4 |
| Potassium | 83 |
| Praseodymium | 6.7 |
| Promethium | 11 |
| Quartz, fused | 0.55 |
| Quartz, mineral | 8 - 14 |
| Rhenium | 6.7 |
| Rhodium | 8 |
| Rock salt | 40.4 |
| Rubber, hard | 80 |
| Ruthenium | 9.1 |
| Samarium | 12.7 |
| Sandstone | 11.6 |
| Sapphire | 5.3 |
| Scandium | 10.2 |
| Selenium | 37 |
| Silicon | 3 - 5 |
| Silicon Carbide | 2.77 |
| Silver | 19 - 19.7 |
| Sitall | 0.15 |
| Slate | 10 |
| Sodium | 70 |
| Solder lead - tin, 50% - 50% | 25 |
| Speculum metal | 19.3 |
| Steatite | 8.5 |
| Steel | 10.8 - 12.5 |
| Steel Stainless Austenitic (304) | 17.3 |
| Steel Stainless Austenitic (310) | 14.4 |
| Steel Stainless Austenitic (316) | 16.0 |
| Steel Stainless Ferritic (410) | 9.9 |
| Strontium | 22.5 |
| Tantalum | 6.5 |
| Tellurium | 36.9 |
| Terbium | 10.3 |
| Terne | 11.6 |
| Thallium | 29.9 |
| Thorium | 12 |
| Thulium | 13.3 |
| Tin | 20 - 23 |
| Titanium | 8.5 - 9 |
| Topas | 5 - 8 |
| Tungsten | 4.5 |
| Uranium | 13.4 |
| Vanadium | 8 |
| Vinyl Ester | 16 - 22 |
| Vulcanite | 63.6 |
| Wax | 2 - 15 |
| Wedgwood ware | 8.9 |
| Wood, across (perpendicular) to grain | 30 |
| Wood, fir | 3.7 |
| Wood, parallel to grain | 3 |
| Wood, pine | 5 |
| Ytterbium | 26.3 |
| Yttrium | 10.6 |
| Zinc | 30 - 35 |
| Zirconium | 5.7 |
- 10-6 m/moC = 1 μm/moC
- m/m = meter per meter, in/in = inches per inches
Most values for temperature 25 oC (77 oF). The span in the values may be caused by the variation in the materials themselves - or by the variation in the sources used.
- tK = tC + 273.16
- tR = tF + 459.67
- 1 in (inch) = 25.4 mm
- 1 ft (foot) = 0.3048 m
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