Heat emission from a surface in an angle β can be expressed with Lambert's cosine law as
qβ = q cos β (4)
where
qβ = heat emission in angle β
q = heat emission from the surface
β = angle
Heat loss from pipes, tubes and tanks - with and without insulation - foam, fiberglass, rockwool and more.
Steam and condensate pipes - heat loss uninsulated and insulated pipes, insulation thickness and more.
Heat transfer and heat loss from buildings and technical applications - heat transfer coefficients and insulation methods to reduce energy consumption.
Work, heat and energy systems.
Solar radiation absorbed by various materials.
Radiation heat emissivity of unoxidized, oxidized and polished aluminum.
The radiation constant is the product between the Stefan-Boltzmann constant and the emissivity constant for a material.
Heat fluxes for various cooling or heat transfer modes.
The electromagnetic spectrum with wavelengths and frequencies.
Fluid energy transfer.
Optical properties of commonly used glazing materials.
Heat-transfer in heat exchangers are reduced by fouling.
Walls or heat exchangers - calculate overall heat transfer coefficients.
Heat loss vs. surface temperature.
Radiation emissivity of common materials like water, ice, snow, grass and more.
Convert between Bequerel and Curie radiation units.
Relative solar heat transmission through different types of glass windows
Solar heat gain through windows with roller shades, vertical blinds and Venetian blinds
Daily surface energy from solar radiation.
Heat from sun transmitted through windows.
The radiation heat transfer emissivity coefficients for some common materials like aluminum, brass, glass and many more.
Radiation surface absorptivity.
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