Max Velocity
Boiling liquids - due to cavitation - may be extremely difficult to pump. If the pressure at any point within a pump falls below the vapor pressure of the liquid being pumped, vaporization or cavitation will occur. For example, water at 100oF (38oC) boils or vaporizes if exposed to a vacuum of 28 in Hg. The problem with cavitation increases with higher temperatures.
More about boiling water or condensate pumping in steam systems:
More about NPSH suction problems:
Pipe lines - fluid flow and pressure loss - water, sewer, steel pipes, pvc pipes, copper tubes and more.
Dimensions of pipes and tubes, materials and capacities, pressure drop calculations and charts, insulation and heat loss diagrams.
Piping systems and pumps - centrifugal pumps, displacement pumps - cavitation, viscosity, head and pressure, power consumption and more.
Cavitation occurs in fluid flow systems where the local static pressures are below the fluids vapor pressure.
High temperatures and danger of impeller cavitation is the major challenge for condensate pumping in steam systems.
Cavitation of impellers increases with water temperatures.
Boiling temperatures (°C and °F) with varying carbon numbers up to C33.
Boiling temperatures for common liquids and gases - acetone, butane, propane and more.
Melting temperature (°C and °F) with carbon number up to C33.
Typical fluid flow velocities for common liquids, gases and vapors.
Calculate fluid velocity and volume flow in pipes and tubes.
Suction Specific Speed can be used to determine stable and reliable operations for pumps with max efficiency without cavitation.
The steam velocity in a steam distribution system should be within certain limits to avoid excessive wear and tear
Velocity head can be used to calculate minor pressure or head loss in fluid flow systems.
Recommended max. pump suction flow velocity for viscous fluids.
Online calculator, figures and tables showing boiling points of water at pressures ranging from 14.7 to 3200 psia (1 to 220 bara). Temperature given as °C, °F, K and °R.
Recommended max. water flow velocities on suction sides of pumps.
Water velocities in pipes and tubes should not exceed certain limits.
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