Pentane - Thermophysical Properties
Chemical, physical and thermal properties of pentane, also called n-pentane. Phase diagram included.
Pentane, C5H12, is a clear colorless liquid with a petroleum-like odor. It belongs to the organic class alkanes, and is naturally present in crude oils and condensates. It is a component of some fuels and is employed as a specialty solvent in the laboratory.
The boling point 36°C/97°F, and the vapors are heavier than air. Both the liquid an the vapor are flammable.
The phase diagram of pentane is shown below the table.
Chemical, physical and thermal properties of pentane:
Values are given for liquid at 25oC /77oF / 298 K and 1 bara, if not other phase, temperature or pressure given.
For full table with Imperial Units - rotate the screen!
| Property | Value | Unit | Value | Unit | Value | Unit | Value | Unit | |||
| Autoignition temperature | 533 | K | 260 | °C | 500 | °F | |||||
| Boiling Point | 309.2 | K | 36.06 | °C | 96.9 | °F | |||||
| Critical density | 3.22 | mol/dm3 | 232 | kg/m3 | 0.450 | slug/ft3 | 14.5 | lb/ft3 | |||
| Critical pressure | 3.36 | MPa=MN/m2 | 33.6 | bar | 33.2 | atm | 487 | psi=lbf/in2 | |||
| Critical temperature | 469.8 | K | 196.7 | °C | 386.0 | °F | |||||
| Critical volume | 311 | cm3/mol | 0.00431 | m3/kg | 2.22 | ft3/slug | 0.0690 | ft3/lb | |||
| Density | 8606 | mol/m3 | 620.9 | kg/m3 | 1.205 | slug/ft3 | 38.76 | lb/ft3 | |||
| Flammable, gas and liquid | yes | ||||||||||
| Flash point | 224 | K | -49 | °C | -56 | °F | |||||
| Gas constant, individual, R | 115.2 | J/kg K | 0.03201 | Wh/(kg K) | 689.1 | [ft lbf/slug °R] | 21.42 | [ft lbf/lb °R] | |||
| Gibbs free energy of formation (gas) | -8 | kJ/mol | -111 | kJ/kg | -48 | Btu/lb | |||||
| Heat (enthalpy) of combustion (gas) | -3535 | kJ/mol | -48996 | kJ/kg | -21.1 | Btu/lb | |||||
| Heat (enthalpy) of combustion (liquid) | -3509 | kJ/mol | -48636 | kJ/kg | -20.9 | Btu/lb | |||||
| Heat (enthalpy) of formation (gas) | -147.0 | kJ/mol | -2037 | kJ/kg | -876 | Btu/lb | |||||
| Heat (enthalpy) of formation (liquid) | -173 | kJ/mol | -2398 | kJ/kg | -1031 | Btu/lb | |||||
| Heat (enthalpy) of fusion at -202 °F/-130°C | 8.4 | kJ/mol | 116 | kJ/kg | 50.05 | Btu/lb | |||||
| Heat (enthalpy) of sublimation, at -202°F/-130°C | 42 | kJ/mol | 582 | kJ/kg | 250 | Btu/lb | |||||
| Heat (enthalpy) of evaporation | 26.4 | kJ/mol | 366 | kJ/kg | 157 | Btu/lb | |||||
| Heat capacity, Cp (gas) | 120.0 | J/mol K | 1.66 | kJ/kg K | 0.397 | Btu/lb°F or cal/g K | |||||
| Specific heat, Cp (liquid) | 168.0 | J/mol K | 2.33 | kJ/kg K | 0.556 | Btu/lb°F or cal/g K | |||||
| Specific heat, Cv (liquid) | 125.0 | J/mol K | 1.73 | kJ/kg K | 0.414 | Btu/lb°F or cal/g K | |||||
| Ionization potential | 10.34 | eV | |||||||||
| log KOW (Octanol/Water Partition Coefficient) | 3.39 | ||||||||||
| Melting point | 143.48 | K | -129.7 | °C | -201.4 | °F | |||||
| Molecular Weight | 72.149 | g/mol | 0.15906 | lb/mol | |||||||
| Solubility in water, at 25°C | 0.038 | mg/ml | |||||||||
| Sound velocity | 1012 | m/s | 3319 | ft/s | 2267 | mi/h | |||||
| Specific Gravity (gas) (relativ to air) | 2.48 | ||||||||||
| Specific Gravity (liquid) (relativ to water) | 0.63 | ||||||||||
| Specific Heat Ratio (gas) - CP/CV | 1.09 | ||||||||||
| Specific Heat Ratio (liquid) - CP/CV | 1.34 | ||||||||||
| Specific Volume | 0.0001162 | m3/mol | 0.0016106 | m3/kg | 0.8300514 | ft3/slug | 0.0257988 | ft3/lb | |||
| Standard molar entropy, S° (gas) | 348 | J/mol K | 4.82 | kJ/kg K | 1.15 | Btu/lb °F | |||||
| Standard molar entropy, S° (liquid) | 263 | J/mol K | 3.65 | kJ/kg K | 0.87 | Btu/lb °F | |||||
| Surface tension | 16.0 | dynes/cm | 0.016 | N/m | |||||||
| Thermal Conductivity | 0.111 | W/m°C | 0.064135 | Btu/hr ft °F | |||||||
| Triple point pressure | 7.63*10-8 | MPa=MN/m2 | 7.63*10-7 | bar | 7.53*10-7 | atm | 1.11*10-5 | psi=lbf/in2 | |||
| Triple point temperature | 143.5 | K | -129.7 | °C | -201.46 | °F | |||||
| Vapor (saturation) pressure | 0.0685 | MPa=MN/m2 | 514.0 | mm Hg | 0.6762 | atm | 9.94 | psi=lbf/in2 | |||
| Viscosity, dynamic (absolute) | 0.2224 | cP | 149.4 | [lbm /ft s*10-6] | 4.64 | [lbf s/ft2 *10-6] | |||||
| Viscosity, kinematic | 0.358 | cSt | 3.9 | [ft2/s*10-6] |
Density of pentane with varying temperature and pressure
See also more about atmospheric pressure, and STP - Standard Temperature and Pressure & NTP - Normal Temperature and Pressure,
as well as Thermophysical properties of: Acetone, Acetylene, Air, Ammonia, Argon, Benzene, Butane, Carbon dioxide, Carbon monoxide, Ethane, Ethanol, Ethylene, Helium, Hydrogen, Hydrogen sulfide, Methane, Methanol, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Propane, Toluene, Water and Heavy water, D2O.
Pentane is a liquid at standard conditions. However, if heated above 36°C/97°F it becomes a gas, and when cooled it becomes a solid. The phase diagram for pentane shows the phase behavior with changes in temperature and pressure. The curve between the critical point and the triple point shows the pentane boiling point with changes in pressure. It also shows the saturation pressure with changes in temperature.
At the critical point there is no change of state when pressure is increased or if heat is added.
The triple point of a substance is the temperature and pressure at which the three phases (gas, liquid, and solid) of that substance coexist in thermodynamic equilibrium.
Related Topics
-
Boiling Points
Boiling points of elements, products and chemical species at varying conditions. -
Densities
Densities of solids, liquids and gases. Definitions and convertion calculators. -
Fluid Mechanics
The study of fluids - liquids and gases. Involving velocity, pressure, density and temperature as functions of space and time. -
Material Properties
Material properties of gases, fluids and solids - densities, specific heats, viscosities and more. -
Melting and Freezing Points
Melting and freezing points of elements and chemical species at varying conditions. -
Thermodynamics
Work, heat and energy systems. -
Viscosities
Viscosities of products and chemical species at varying conditions.
Related Documents
-
Acetone - Thermophysical Properties
Chemical, physical and thermal properties of acetone, also called 2-propanone, dimethyl ketone and pyroacetic acid. Phase diagram included. -
Acetylene - Thermophysical Properties
Chemical, Physical and Thermal Properties of Acetylene. -
Air - Thermophysical Properties
Thermal properties of air at different temperatures - density, viscosity, critical temperature and pressure, triple point, enthalpi and entropi, thermal conductivity and diffusivity and more. -
Ammonia - Thermophysical Properties
Chemical, Physical and Thermal Properties of Ammonia. Phase diagram included. -
Argon - Thermophysical Properties
Chemical, Physical and Thermal Properties of Argon. -
Benzene - Thermophysical properties
Chemical, physical and thermal properties of benzene, also called benzol. Phase diagram included. -
Butane - Thermophysical Properties
Chemical, physical and thermal properties of n-Butane. -
Carbon Dioxide - Thermophysical Properties
Chemical, physical and thermal properties of carbon dioxide. Phase diagram included. -
Carbon Monoxide - CO - Thermophysical Properties
Chemical, Physical and Thermal Properties of Carbon Monoxide - CO. -
Ethane - Thermophysical Properties
Chemical, Physical and Thermal Properties of Ethane - C2H6. -
Ethanol - Thermophysical properties
Chemical, physical and thermal properties of ethanol (also called alcohol or ethyl alcohol). Phase diagram included. -
Ethylene - Thermophysical Properties
Chemical, physical and thermal properties of ethylene, also called ethene, acetene and olefiant gas. Phase diagram included. -
Heavy Water - Thermophysical Properties
Thermodynamic properties of heavy water (D2O) like density, melting temperature, boiling temperature, latent heat of fusion, latent heat of evaporation, critical temperature and more. -
Helium - Thermophysical Properties
Chemical, Physical and Thermal Properties of Helium - He. -
Hydrogen - Thermophysical Properties
Chemical, Physical and Thermal Properties of Hydrogen - H2. -
Hydrogen sulfide - Thermophysical Properties
Chemical, physical and thermal properties of hydrogen sulfide, H2S, also called hydrosulfuric acid, sewer gas and stink damp. Phase diagram included. -
Methane - Thermophysical Properties
Chemical, Physical and Thermal Properties of Methane - CH4. Phase diagram included. -
Methanol - Thermophysical Properties
Chemical, physical and thermal properties of methanol, CH3OH (also called carbinol, wood alcohol, hydroxy methyl and methyl alcohol). Phase diagram included. -
Nitrogen - Thermophysical Properties
Chemical, Physical and Thermal Properties of Nitrogen - N2. -
Oxygen - Thermophysical properties
Chemical, Physical and Thermal Properties of Oxygen - O2. -
Pentane - Density and Specific Weight vs. Temperature and Pressure
Online calculator, figures and table showing density and specific weight of pentane, C5H12, at temperatures ranging from -130 to 325 °C (-200 to 620 °F) at atmospheric and higher pressure - Imperial and SI Units. -
Propane - Thermophysical properties
Chemical, physical and thermal properties of propane gas - C3H8. -
Water - Thermophysical Properties
Thermal properties of water at different temperatures like density, freezing temperature, boiling temperature, latent heat of melting, latent heat of evaporation, critical temperature and more.
