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Refrigerants

Commonly used refrigerants - the methane series, ethane series, propane series, cyclic organic compounds, zeotropic blends, azeotropic blends and organic compounds.

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Series Numbering for Refrigerant Classses

  • -000 Methane-based
  • -100 Ethane-based
  • -200 Propane-based
  • -300 Cyclic organic
  • -400 Zeotropes
  • -500 Azeotropes
  • -600 Organic
  • -700 Inorganic
  • -1000 Unsaturated organic

Methane Series

  • R-10 tetrachloromethane
  • R-11 trichlorofluoromethane (replacement refrigerant R-123 in chiller applications)
  • R-12 dichlorodifluoromethane (replacment refrigerant R-134a, R-401A, R-409A)
  • R-12B1 bromochlorodifluoromethane
  • R-12B2 dibromochlorodifluoromethane
  • R-13 chlorotrifluoromethane (replacement refrigerant R-508B)
  • R-13B1 bromotrifluoromethane
  • R-14 tetrafluoromethane
  • R-20 trichloromethane (chloroform)
  • R-21 dichlorofluoromethane
  • R-22 chlorodifluoromethane (replacement refrigerant R-407C/9000, R-410A/9100)
  • R-22B1 bromodifluoromethane
  • R-23 trifluoromethane (replacement refrigerant R-508B)
  • R-30 dichloromethane
  • R-31 chlorofluoromethane
  • R-32 difluoromethane
  • R-40 chloromethane
  • R-41 fluoromethane
  • R-50 methane

Ethane Series

  • R-110 hexachloroethane
  • R-111 pentachlorofluoroethane
  • R-112 1,1,2,2-tetrachloro-1,2-difluoroethane
  • R-112a 1,1,1,2-tetrachloro-2,2-difluoroethane
  • R-113 1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane
  • R-113a 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethane
  • R-114 1,2-dichloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane
  • R-114a 1,1-dichloro-1,2,2,2-tetrafluoroethane
  • R-114B2 1,2-dibromo-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane
  • R-115 chloropentafluoroethane
  • R-116 hexafluoroethane
  • R-120 pentachloroethane
  • R-123 2,2-dichloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane
  • R-123a 1,2-dichloro-1,1,2-trifluoroethane
  • R-124 2-chloro-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane
  • R-124a 1-chloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane
  • R-125 pentafluoroethane
  • R-133a 2-chloror-1,1,1-trifluoroethane
  • R-134a 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane
  • R-140a 1,1,1-trichloroethane
  • R-141b 1,1-chloro--fluoroethane
  • R-142b 1-chloro-1,1-difluoroethane
  • R-143a 1,1,1-trifluoroethane
  • R-150a 1,1-dichloroethane
  • R-152a 1,1-difluoroethane
  • R-160 chloroethane
  • R-170 ethane

Propane Series

  • R-216ca 1,3-dichloro-1,1,2,2,3,3-hexafluoropropane
  • R-218 octafluoropropane
  • R-245cb 1,1,1,2,2-pentafluoropropane
  • R-290 propane

Cyclic Organic Compounds

  • C316 1,2-dichloro-1,2,3,3,4,4-hexafluorocuclobutane
  • C317 chloroheptafluorocyclobutane
  • C318 octafluorocyclobutane

Zeotropic Blends

The properties of zeotropic blends are somewhat different than traditional refrigerants. Zeotropic blends shift in composition during the boiling or condensing process. As the blend changes phase, more of one component will transfer to the other phase faster than the rest.

  • R-400 R-12/114 (must be specified)
  • R-401A R-22/152a/124 (53%/13%/34%)
  • R-401B R-22/152a/124 (61%/11%/28%)
  • R-401C R-22/152a/124 (33%/15%/52%)
  • R-402A R-125/290/22 (30%/2%/38%)
  • R-402B R-125/290/22 (38%/2%/60%)
  • R-403A R-290/22/218 (5%/75%/20%)
  • R-403B R-290/22/218 (5%/56%/39%)
  • R-404A R-125/143a/134a (44%/52%/4%)
  • R-405A R-22/152a/142b/C318 (45%/7%/5.5%/42.5%)
  • R-406A R-22/600a/142b (55%/4%/41%)
  • R-407A R-32/125/134a (20%/40%/40%)
  • R-407B R-32/125/134a (10%/70%/20%)
  • R-407C R-32/125/134a (23%/25%/52%)
  • R-407D R-32.125/134a (15%/15%/70%)
  • R-408A R-125/143a/22 (7%/46%/47%)
  • R-409A R-22/124/142b (60%/25%/10%)
  • R-409B R-22/124/142b (65%/25%/10%)
  • R-410A R-32/125 (50%/50%)
  • R-410B R-32/125 (45%/55%)
  • R-411A R-1270/22/152a (1.5%/87.5%/11.0%)
  • R-411B R-1270/22/152a (3%/94%/3%)
  • R-412A R-22/218/142b (70%/5%/25%)

Note! % by mass

The changing composition of the liquid - fractionation - causes the boiling point temperature of the refrigerant to shift as well. The overall shift of temperature from one side of the heat exchanger to the other is called the temperature glide.

Azeotropic Blends

Azeotropic blends behaves as a single component refrigerants even though they are blends. Single component refrigerants and azeotropic blends have boiling (bubble) points and condensation (dew) points equal to each other - simply called boiling point.

  • R-500 R-12/152a (73.8%/26.2%) (replacement refrigerant R-401B)
  • R-501 R-22/12 (75.0%/25.0%)
  • R-502 R-22/115 (48.8%/51.2%) (replacement refrigerant R-404A, R-507, R-402A, R-408A, R-402B)
  • R-503 R-23/13 (40.1%/59.9%) (replacement refrigerant R-508B)
  • R-504 R-32/115 (48.2%/51.8%)
  • R-505 R-12/31 (78.0%/22.0%)
  • R-506 R-31/114 (55.1%/44.9%)
  • R-507A R-125/143a (50%/50%)
  • R-508A R-23/116 (39%/61%)
  • R-508B R-23/116 (46%/54%)
  • R-509A R-22/218 (44%/56%)

Note! % by mass

Miscellaneous Organic Compounds

Hydrocarbons

  • R-600 butane
  • R-600a 2-methyl propane

Oxygen Compounds

  • R-610 ethyl ether
  • R-611 methyl formate

Sulfur Compounds

  • R-620 Reserved for future assignment

Nitrogen Compounds

Unsaturated Organic Compounds

  • R-1112a 1,1-dichloro-2,2-difluoroethane
  • R-1113 1-chloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane
  • R-1114 tetrafluoroethene
  • R-1120 trichloroethene
  • R-1130 1,2-dichloroethene (trans)
  • R-1132a 1,1-difluoroethene (vinylidene fluoride)
  • R-1140 1-chloroethene (vinyl chloride)
  • R-1141 1-fluoroethene (vinyl fluoride)
  • R-1150 ethene (ethylene)
  • R-1270 propene (propylene)

Recommended Lubrication Oil

Lubrication oil used in stationary direct expansion applications:

RefrigerantLubricant
Mineral OilAlkylbenzenePolyolester Oil (POE)
R-12 1 1 2
R-13 1 1 2
R-22 1 1 2
R-23 1
R-134a 1
R-401A 1 1 2
R-401B 1 1 2
R-402A 1 2
R-402B 1 1 2
R-404A 1
R-407C 1
R-408A 1 2
R-409A 1 1 2
R-410A 1
R-500 1 1 2
R-502 1 1 2
R-503 1 1 2
R-507 1
R-508B 1

1 - first choice, 2 - second choice

Polyolester oil (POE oil) is a type of synthetic oil used in refrigeration compressors.

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